{"id":14318,"date":"2022-01-26T13:11:39","date_gmt":"2022-01-26T12:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/?p=14318"},"modified":"2022-01-26T13:13:27","modified_gmt":"2022-01-26T12:13:27","slug":"jak-se-cheb-stal-soucasti-rakouska-uherska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/en\/jak-se-cheb-stal-soucasti-rakouska-uherska\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\/Protireformace a baroko\/<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Proch\u00e1zka po star\u00e9m Chebu upom\u00edn\u00e1 na jeho slavnou historii coby svobodn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, i na doby pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. I dvouhlav\u00fd rakousk\u00fd orel je tu st\u00e1le k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed: zdob\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad port\u00e1l kostela sv. V\u00e1clava v\u00a0Kamenn\u00e9 ulici.<\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky po bitv\u011b na B\u00edl\u00e9 ho\u0159e (1620) p\u0159e\u0161lo m\u011bsto skoro na dal\u0161\u00edch 300 let do vlastnictv\u00ed Habsburk\u016f (Cheb byl u\u017e roku 1322 d\u00e1n Ludv\u00edkem Bavorsk\u00fdm do z\u00e1stavy \u010desk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1li. A proto\u017ee pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159i z\u00a0rodu Habsburk\u016f byli sou\u010dasn\u011b i \u010desk\u00fdmi kr\u00e1li, p\u0159e\u0161lo m\u011bsto do rakousk\u00fdch rukou a do \u00a0konce 18. stolet\u00ed se definitivn\u011b muselo vzd\u00e1t v\u0161ech c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdch privilegi\u00ed.)<\/p>\n<p>Vytou\u017een\u00e1 svoboda ale nebyla jist\u00e1 ani po zavra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed Alberta z\u00a0Vald\u0161tejna (1634). V\u00a0prosinci roku 1640 pos\u00edl\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 rada dopis s\u00a0prosbou c\u00edsa\u0159i Ferdinandovi III: \u201eK\u00e1men by se ustrnul nad t\u00edm, co jsme vytrp\u011bli a pro\u017eili.\u201c Pro Cheb v\u00e1lka skon\u010dila v\u00a0roce 1649 odchodem \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdch vojsk.<\/p>\n<p>Po roce 1620 u\u017e v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch neexistovala svoboda vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee c\u00edsa\u0159 Ferdinand inicioval tzv. protireformaci. V roce 1628 byli z\u00a0Chebu vyhn\u00e1ni v\u0161ichni luter\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed kazatel\u00e9. A\u00a0v roce 1649 je museli n\u00e1sledovat i v\u0161ichni protestanti. (Tak se stalo, \u017ee hodn\u011b tehdej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f hudebn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f ode\u0161lo do Horn\u00edch Smr\u010din a usadili se tam).<\/p>\n<p>Za v\u016fdce a hybatele protireforma\u010dn\u00edho hnut\u00ed byli pova\u017eov\u00e1ni jezuit\u00e9. V roce 1657 koupili na chebsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed tzv. Gabler\u016fv d\u016fm. Ten m\u011bl b\u00fdt spolu s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi domy zbour\u00e1n a m\u011bla ho nahradit budova konventu. K\u00a0tomu ale nedo\u0161lo a z\u00a0t\u00e9to doby z\u016fstal nad port\u00e1lem jen reli\u00e9f Madony.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm protireformn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dem byli dominik\u00e1ni. U\u017e ve 13. stolet\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na c\u00edrkevn\u00ed inkvizici a honu na \u010darod\u011bjnice. Proto byli tajn\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1ni \u201ep\u00e1nov\u00fdmi psy.\u201c \u0158\u00e1d dominik\u00e1n\u016f byl v\u00a0Chebu trvale od roku 1284.\u00a0 Kostel sv. V\u00e1clava, kter\u00fd byl postaven v\u00a0letech 1294-1296 za vl\u00e1dy V\u00e1clava II. se stal jejich s\u00eddlem, ale po t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se z\u00a0n\u011bj byla ruina.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e byli vyhn\u00e1ni v\u0161ichni protestanti, protireforma\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly p\u0159i\u0161ly s\u00a0novou strategi\u00ed. Protestanti museli konvertovat ke katolictv\u00ed.\u00a0 Barokn\u00ed kostely musely lidi nadchnout svou kr\u00e1sou. Od roku 1674 byl ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \u00a0chebsk\u00fdch dominik\u00e1n\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00fd stavitel Abraham Leuthner. V\u00a0roce 1684 dokon\u010dil p\u0159estavbu kostela sv. V\u00e1clava ve skvostn\u00e9m barokn\u00edm stylu. Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00edm za \u0161t\u011bdr\u00fd dar, kter\u00fd v\u011bnoval c\u00edsa\u0159 Leopold I. na stavbu kostela, je dvouhlav\u00fd rakousk\u00fd orel v\u00a0port\u00e1lu stavby.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1dhernou barokn\u00ed stavbu postavil Leuthner v\u00a0sousedn\u00edm Waldsassenu. Pot\u00e9, co byl Maxmili\u00e1n I. jmenov\u00e1n kurfi\u0159tem m\u00edsto \u201eZimn\u00edho kr\u00e1le\u201c a Horn\u00ed Falc p\u0159ipadla Bavorsku, se Waldsassen stal stejn\u011b jako Cheb katolick\u00fdm. V\u00a0roce 1661 byli vysl\u00e1ni t\u0159i cisterci\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed mni\u0161i z\u00a0kl\u00e1\u0161tera F\u00fcrstenfeld do Waldsassenu. Farn\u00ed vik\u00e1\u0159 Albert Hausner, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat, z\u00edskal Abrahama Leuthnera pro p\u0159estavbu kl\u00e1\u0161tera. Leuthner za\u010dal v\u00a0roce 1685 ve Waldsassenu se stavbou kostela a p\u0159ipravoval hlavn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny. Od roku 1688 byl nav\u00edc Leuthner jmenov\u00e1n hlavn\u00edm stavitelem obrann\u00e9ho opevn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Chebu a pozd\u011bji byl dokonce jmenov\u00e1n vrchn\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm spr\u00e1vcem \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Proto u\u017e pro n\u011bj dlouhodob\u00e9 pobyty ve Waldsassenu nebyly mo\u017en\u00e9 a jeho d\u00edlo nakonec dokon\u010dili Georg Dientzenhofer, jeho bratr Kry\u0161tof a Bernhard Schie\u00dfer. Kry\u0161tof Dietzenhofer si ve Waldsassenu z\u00edskal tak skv\u011bl\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 1698 vstoupil do slu\u017eeb samotn\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e a jako pokra\u010dovatel pr\u00e1ce Abrahama Leuthnera pracoval v\u00a0Praze a v\u00a0Chebu jako hlavn\u00ed stavitel. V\u00a0Chebu je jeho prac\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad kostel sv. Kl\u00e1ry, kter\u00fd n\u00e1le\u017eel \u0159\u00e1du klarisek. Byl postaven v\u00a0letech 1708\u20131712 a je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jednu z\u00a0nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch barokn\u00edch staveb v\u00a0Chebu.<\/p>\n<p>Dominik\u00e1nsk\u00fd kostel sv. V\u00e1clava, cisterci\u00e1ck\u00fd kl\u00e1\u0161ter ve Waldsassenu a kl\u00e1\u0161ter \u0159\u00e1du klarisek v\u00a0Chebu inspirovaly chebsk\u00e9ho rod\u00e1ka Balthasara Neumanna (narozen v\u00a0Chebu r. 1687), pozd\u011bji ze z\u00a0n\u011bj stal v\u016fbec nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed barokn\u00ed stavitel.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dodatky:<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0dob\u011b komunistick\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska vyu\u017e\u00edvalo m\u011bsto Cheb pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 prostory dominik\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera ke kulturn\u00edm akc\u00edm. Objekt fungoval pod n\u00e1zvem \u201eProduk\u010dn\u00ed centrum Kamenn\u00e1 \u2013 kulturn\u00ed st\u0159edisko m\u011bsta Chebu.\u201c A\u017e do roku 2012 nebyl ve m\u011bst\u011b sv\u00fdmi prostory odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed kulturn\u00ed s\u00e1l. V tomto roce za\u010dalo fungovat modern\u00ed Kulturn\u00ed centrum Svoboda.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledkem reforem Josefa II. bylo i zru\u0161en\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tera klarisek (1782) v\u00a0Chebu &#8211; pro tohoto panovn\u00edka byly kl\u00e1\u0161tery hlavn\u011b zdrojem p\u0159edsudk\u016f a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho fanatismu. Nechal zav\u0159\u00edt v\u0161echny domy t\u011bch \u0159\u00e1d\u016f, kter\u00e9 pova\u017eoval za ekonomicky neproduktivn\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 kostel sv. Kl\u00e1ry slou\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti jako koncertn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0148 a m\u00edsto kon\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstav a kulturn\u00edch akc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0sousedn\u00edm Waldsassenu vedla sekularizace c\u00edrkevn\u00edho majetku v\u00a0roce 1803 ke zru\u0161en\u00ed cisterci\u00e1ck\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du a stavba se stala hlavn\u00edm farn\u00edm kostelem m\u00edstn\u00edch katol\u00edk\u016f. To se nezm\u011bnilo ani pot\u00e9, kdy\u017e se v\u00a0roce 1864 cistercia\u010dky do kl\u00e1\u0161tera vr\u00e1tily. V\u00a0roce 1969 tuto stavbu pape\u017e Pavel VI. pov\u00fd\u0161il na baziliku.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159eklad textu G\u00fcnthera Juby z Waldsassenu<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Foto:<\/p>\n<p>Dvouhlav\u00fd rakousk\u00fd orel nad port\u00e1lem kostela sv. V\u00e1clava.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/m147a-doppeladler-2-2\/\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-14249\" src=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1.jpg 1526w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska \/Protireformace a baroko\/ Proch\u00e1zka po star\u00e9m Chebu upom\u00edn\u00e1 na jeho slavnou historii coby svobodn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, i na doby pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. I dvouhlav\u00fd rakousk\u00fd orel je tu st\u00e1le k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed: zdob\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad port\u00e1l kostela sv. V\u00e1clava v\u00a0Kamenn\u00e9 ulici. B\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky po bitv\u011b na B\u00edl\u00e9 ho\u0159e (1620) p\u0159e\u0161lo m\u011bsto skoro na [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-info-z-mesta"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska | TIC Cheb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/en\/jak-se-cheb-stal-soucasti-rakouska-uherska\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska | TIC Cheb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jak se Cheb stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Rakouska-Uherska \/Protireformace a baroko\/ Proch\u00e1zka po star\u00e9m Chebu upom\u00edn\u00e1 na jeho slavnou historii coby svobodn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, i na doby pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. I dvouhlav\u00fd rakousk\u00fd orel je tu st\u00e1le k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed: zdob\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad port\u00e1l kostela sv. V\u00e1clava v\u00a0Kamenn\u00e9 ulici. B\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky po bitv\u011b na B\u00edl\u00e9 ho\u0159e (1620) p\u0159e\u0161lo m\u011bsto skoro na [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/en\/jak-se-cheb-stal-soucasti-rakouska-uherska\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TIC Cheb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mestocheb\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-26T12:11:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-01-26T12:13:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tic.cheb.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/m147a-doppeladler-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1526\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1144\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lenka Berankov\u00e1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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